Figures, Imaging & Video — Reputable Sources
Curated, reputable sources for already-made figures, diagrams, operative illustrations, imaging, and video for the case guides. Each case’s Figures, Imaging & Video section links into these.
How images are handled (important)
- Linked, not copied: Copyrighted figures (textbooks, the Neurosurgical Atlas, Rhoton collection, most journal figures) are linked to their source, not downloaded into this repo. Copying them here — especially on GitHub — would infringe copyright.
- Embedded only if openly licensed: Images that are public domain or Creative Commons (Wikimedia Commons, Gray’s/Sobotta historical plates, open-access CC-BY journal figures) may be embedded directly, with attribution + license.
- Attribution format for embeds:
*Source: <work>, <author/year>. <License>. via <site> (<url>).* - Source discipline: Link copyrighted operative media rather than re-hosting it, and embed only public-domain or clearly open-licensed images with attribution.
Best general sources
| Source | What it has | Use |
|---|---|---|
| The Neurosurgical Atlas (Cohen-Gadol) ↗ | Operative illustrations, surgical-anatomy figures, step-by-step + HD operative videos for most cranial/spine cases | Link (free, © — best single operative resource) |
| Radiopaedia ↗ | Huge imaging case library + articles per pathology (CT/MR/angio) | Link / embed with attribution (CC BY-NC-SA) |
| AO Spine / Surgery Reference ↗ | Superb spine & trauma technique illustrations, step-by-step | Link (free, ©) |
| Wikimedia Commons ↗ | Anatomy diagrams, historical plates, some imaging | Embeddable (check each: PD / CC) |
| Wikipedia ↗ | Labeled anatomy/pathology diagrams (sourced from Commons) | Link / embed (per-image license) |
| PubMed Central (open access) ↗ | Operative & anatomy figures in OA reviews | Link / embed CC-BY figures with attribution |
| CNS Video Library ↗ | Congress of Neurological Surgeons educational operative/anatomy videos and Neurosurgery 100 lectures | Embed official YouTube videos when clearly procedure-relevant; otherwise link |
| StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf) ↗ | OA chapters with figures per topic | Link / embed (per license) |
| neuroangio.org (Gandhi) ↗ | Outstanding cerebral vascular & endovascular anatomy/angio | Link (free, ©) |
| IMAIOS e-Anatomy ↗ | Cross-sectional & 3D neuroanatomy atlas | Link (freemium) |
| Wheeless’ Textbook of Orthopaedics ↗ | Spine technique/anatomy notes & figures | Link (free) |
| Gray’s Anatomy plates (public domain) ↗ | Classic labeled anatomy plates | Embeddable (public domain) |
By category — where to look first
- CNS Video Library embeds already used here: see CNS Video Library Embeds for the local placement map.
- Perioperative logistics: see Perioperative Logistics & Orders for the bed, room setup, monitoring, and immediate order framework now used across the guide set.
- Cranial vascular / aneurysm / AVM: Neurosurgical Atlas (approach + clipping), neuroangio.org (vascular anatomy/angioarchitecture), Radiopaedia (CTA/DSA).
- Cranial tumor / skull base: Neurosurgical Atlas (approach figures + video), Radiopaedia (MRI), PMC OA reviews (approach anatomy), Rhoton anatomy (via AANS/Atlas, link).
- Endovascular: neuroangio.org, Radiopaedia, Journal/Operative Neurosurgery video.
- Functional / DBS / epilepsy: Neurosurgical Atlas, PMC, manufacturer atlases (link).
- Spine (all): AO Spine / Surgery Reference (technique illustrations — best), Wheeless, Radiopaedia (imaging), Neurosurgical Atlas (spine volume).
- Peripheral nerve: PMC OA, Wikipedia/Commons (nerve course diagrams), orthopaedic atlases.
- Pediatric: Neurosurgical Atlas, PMC OA, Radiopaedia.
- Neuroanatomy (any): Wikimedia Commons / Gray’s plates (embeddable), IMAIOS, Rhoton (link).
Example of an embeddable public-domain figure
Circle of Willis (relevant to anterior-circulation aneurysm cases):
Source: Sobotta’s Atlas and Text-book of Human Anatomy, 1909 (public domain, by age). via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sobo_1909_3_548.png).
Study schematics/imaging only — verify against primary sources. See ../DISCLAIMER.md. Respect each source’s license; do not re-host copyrighted figures.